An em space is the most commonly used paragraph indent. The Elements of Typographic Style states that "at least one en " should be used to indent paragraphs after the first, noting that that is the "practical minimum". If a paragraph is preceded by a title or subhead, the indent is superfluous and can therefore be omitted. The function of a paragraph is to mark a pause, setting the paragraph apart from what precedes it. For example, Robert Bringhurst states that we should "Set opening paragraphs flush left." Bringhurst explains as follows: Professionally printed material in English typically does not indent the first paragraph, but indents those that follow. Widows and orphans occur when the first line of a paragraph is the last in a column or page, or when the last line of a paragraph is the first line of a new column or page. This style is very common in electronic formats, such as on the World Wide Web and email.
LONG PARAGRAPHS PROFESSIONAL
For additional ornamentation, a hedera leaf or other symbol can be added to the inter-paragraph white space, or put in the indentation space.Ī second common modern English style is to use no indenting, but add vertical white space to create "block paragraphs." On a typewriter, a double carriage return produces a blank line for this purpose professional typesetters (or word processing software) may put in an arbitrary vertical space by adjusting leading. This style can be seen in the (handwritten) United States Constitution from 1787. Modern English typography usually indicates a new paragraph by indenting the first line. Outdenting is still used in English typography, though not commonly. This style can be seen, for example, in the original Old English manuscript of Beowulf. An initial is an oversized capital letter, sometimes outdented beyond the margin of the text. Indented paragraphs demonstrated in the US ConstitutionĪncient manuscripts also divided sentences into paragraphs with line breaks ( newline) followed by an initial at the beginning of the next paragraph.
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